Sources:
[1] I. Cuberovic, A. Gill, L. J. Resnik, D. J. Tyler, and E. L. Graczyk, “Learning of artificial sensation through long-term home use of a sensory-enabled prosthesis,” Front. Neurosci., vol. 13, no. 853, 2019. /\/\/\/\/\
[2] A. P. Yadav, S. Li, M. O. Krucoff, M. A. Lebedev, M. M. Abd-El-Barr, and M. A. L. Nicolelis, “Generating artificial sensations with spinal cord stimulation in primates and rodents,” Brain Stimul., vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 825–836, 2021. /\/\/\/\/\
[3] N. Mekhail et al., “Long-term safety and efficacy of closed-loop spinal cord stimulation to treat chronic back and leg pain (Evoke): a double-blind, randomised, controlled trial,” Lancet Neurol., vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 123–134, 2020.
closed-loop control [1]
noun
Is a type of control, where action shows dependency on the generated output of the system. In simple words, in these systems, the output of the system controls the input applied to the system.
Example: These groups have also shown marked improvements in performance of functional tasks, such as object identification, object feature discrimination and closed-loop control, when sensory feedback is provided.
en: управление с обратной связью
dorsal [2]
adjective
situated on or toward the upper side of the body, equivalent to the back, or posterior, in humans.
Example: Monkeys ... learned to detect SCS-induced sensory percepts evoked using percutaneous dorsal thoracic epidural electrodes.
double-blind [3]
adjective
A type of clinical trial in which neither the participants nor the researcher knows which treatment or intervention participants are receiving until the clinical trial is over. This makes results of the study less likely to be biased. This means that the results are less likely to be affected by factors that are not related to the treatment or intervention being tested.
implant [3]
noun
any device or material, especially of an inert substance, used for repairing or replacing part of the body.
Example: Non-inferiority followed by superiority were tested in the intention-to-treat population at 3 months and 12 months after the permanent implant.
intractable pain [3]
noun
is a severe, constant, relentless and debilitating pain that is not curable by any known means and which causes a house-bound or bed-bound state and early death if not adequately treated, usually with opioids and/or interventional procedures.
Example: Patients with chronic, intractable pain of the back and legs ... had no previous experience with spinal cord stimulation.
en: невыносимая боль
open-loop [3]
adjective
a control system for an operation or process in which there is no self-correcting action.
Example: ECAP-controlled closed-loop stimulation provided significantly greater and more clinically meaningful pain relief up to 12 months than open-loop spinal cord stimulation.
percutaneous [1]
adjective
effected, occurring, or performed through the skin
Example: implanted FINEs via a cable to his percutaneous leads.
en: чрескожный
phantom limb [1]
noun
The sensation, after amputation of a limb, that the absent part is still present; there may also be paresthesias, transient aches, and intermittent or continuous pain perceived as originating in the absent limb.
Example: Our data showed that prosthesis embodiment was intricately related to naturalness and phantom limb perception, and that learning the artificial sensation may have modified the body schema.
en: фантомная конечность
psychometric [2]
adjective
Psychometrics is a specialized branch of psychology dedicated to the theory and practice of developing, administering, assessing, and interpreting psychological variables, such as personality traits, cognitive skills, and intelligence.
Example: Psychometric curves with averaged data across five rats indicate leftward shift as pulse-width, frequency, and duration are increased.
en: психометрический
somatosensation [1]
noun
It is a mixed sensory category, and is mediated, in part, by the somatosensory and posterior parietal cortices. They underlie the ability to identify tactile characteristics of our surroundings, create meaning about sensations, and formulate body actions related to the sensations.
Example: Participant interviews indicated that the naturalness of the experience and
engagement with the prosthesis increased throughout the study, suggesting that
artificial somatosensation may decrease prosthesis abandonment.
spinal cord [3]
noun
the cylindrical bundle of nerve fibres and associated tissue which is enclosed in the spine and connects nearly all parts of the body to the brain, with which it forms the central nervous system.
Example: Spinal cord stimulation has been an established treatment for chronic back and leg pain for more than 50 years.
en: спинной мозг
sporadic [1]
adjective
something that happens or appears often, but not constantly or regularly.
Example: Where laboratory visits are sporadic and only last for a few hours or days at a time.
en: нерегулярный, эпизодический, бессистемный
thoracic [2]
adjective
in humans and animals, near the middle part of the body below the neck and above the waist
Example: Monkeys ... learned to detect SCS-induced sensory percepts evoked using percutaneous dorsal thoracic epidural electrodes.
en: Грудная клетка
threshold [2]
noun
the point at which a physiological or psychological effect begins to be produced
Example: Mapped area is color coded by electrode pairs and corresponding sensory thresholds shown on right.
en: порог
trial [2]
noun
a test of the performance, qualities, or suitability of someone or something.
Example: Fraction of trials correctly discriminated from standard frequency...